Liberati, P.

Are European Health Models Still Different?

CWPE2441

Abstract: This paper discusses the applicability of the traditional classification of welfare systems described in Three Worlds of Welfare Capitalism by Esping-Andersen (1990) when applied to the health sector in Europe. To this purpose, we use a cluster analysis on 26 European countries from 2001 to 2021, to identify, if any, distinct health models. Our main findings suggest that, in Europe, the original typology of Esping-Andersen is hardly confirmed, and sometimes dismissed; second, in certain cases, only an Eastern European model emerges; third, a neat separation between the Nordic and the Continental model disappears, giving some evidence, in Europe, of a weak form of convergence of health systems driven more by economic constraints than by political and social attitudes.

Keywords: Health, Welfare State, Cluster, Europe, Esping-Andersen

JEL Codes: H11 H51 I1

Author links:

PDF: https://www.econ.cam.ac.uk/research-files/repec/cam/pdf/cwpe2441.pdf

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